Coping With School Failure and School Achievement

Adapting To School Failure and School Achievement Despondency AND ANXIETY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF SCHOOL FAILURE Tony JREIGE Theoretical (100 to 150 words) he present investigation analyzed the connection between objective direction, adapting to class disappointment and school accomplishment. Two polls, Goal Orientation (Niemivirta, 1996a) and The School Failure Coping Scale (Rijavec Brdar, 1997), were controlled to 1057 secondary school understudies (matured from 15 to 17 years). The main objective of this investigation was to investigate whether understudies can be ordered in bunches as indicated by their objective direction. The outcomes distinguished four bunches of understudies with various accomplishment profiles: learning focused, work-evasion situated, both execution and learning focused and both execution and work-shirking focused gathering. Learning focused gathering utilized feeling centered adapting the least every now and again while understudies with joined execution and work avoidanc direction utilized this sort of adapting the most often. The subsequent objective was to test the connection between objective direction designs and the appropriation of feeling centered and issue centered adapting methodologies, and scholastic accomplishment. It was estimated that objective direction could foresee school accomplishment legitimately and in a roundabout way through adapting procedures. Adapting procedures were considered as go betweens between objective direction and school accomplishment. Way investigation showed that immediate impacts of objective direction on school accomplishment were not critical. The connection between objective direction and school accomplishment was intervened by adapting systems. Catchphrases: School disappointment, Depression, Anxiety, Coping. The issue of school disappointment is critical, as it influences students’ lives and future. Sometimes, it prompts minimization, dismissal, distance and avoidance; henceforth, the danger of an assortment of different issues, for example, mental and social may develop. Patterson and his associates (1989) point to an enemy of social conduct as an outcome of such minimization. We state that understudies who are underestimated and can only with significant effort alter will in general drop out school. In spite of the fact that the significance of this point, tragically, writing on the wonder of school disappointment of typically insightful kids and teenagers is as yet poor. There is a deficiency of examination that may offer a comprehension of school disappointment regarding mental clutters. As a reaction to this reality, the primary goal of this examination is to search profound for enthusiastic and mental scatters blamed to be liable for this disappointment and, subsequently, evacuate the disgrace of being disappointment and flippant from understudies who lie behind their schoolmates. The fundamental inquiry we pose is: Do youngsters and youths, who fizzle at school, truly experience the ill effects of any mental issue, especially burdensome and nervousness issue? But then, another inquiry rises: Are females more powerless to these scatters than guys? As potential answers the above defined inquiries, the accompanying theories were set up for the examination: Youngsters and youths who come up short at school experience the ill effects of burdensome issue Kids and young people who come up short at school show proof of nervousness issue There is a sexual orientation noteworthy contrast in burdensome disarranges There is a sexual orientation noteworthy contrast in uneasiness issue Writing REVIEW School disappointment The term â€Å"school failure† is hard to characterize unmistakably; for a few, it would incorporate any sort of disappointment, reiteration or postponement in completing school which for the most part drives the understudy to exclusion, and even to being criticized, particularly due to the isolation among high and low achievers (Bourdieu,1994). Then again, specialists propelled a few ways to deal with explain school disappointment, among these methodologies we notice: Knowledge dependent on IQ scores. Supporters of this hypothesis censure low IQs for school disappointment. Financial status with children’s scholastic accomplishment: Supporters of this hypothesis reprimand the neediness for school disappointment (Herbert, 1996; Turkheimer et al., 2003; Thomson Harris, 2004; Berliner, 2006, 2009). Association hypothesis: Keddie (1973) and numerous others censure the instructor for school disappointment. For them, instructors have a pre-characterized assessment of how an understudy should talk and respond and in like manner understudies are assessed. Albeit all the previously mentioned approaches, school disappointment may happen among understudies of high financial status, adored by their educators, and have the capacity and insight to succeed. In this way, these kids get is a disgrace of being a disappointment, a useless, dumb and flippant individual, while shrouded enthusiastic psychologicaldisorders are regularly the foundations of their powerlessness to fulfill the school’s guidelines. For us, a few variables may prompt school disappointment, among these elements we notice sadness and uneasiness and the insufficiency of utilizing fitting adapting procedures. Misery Misery in kids and teenagers is frequently a repetitive and intense general medical issue, it can happen with comorbid conduct issues, self-destructive hazard, and mental issue, contacting as long as they can remember by debilitating their social, passionate and physical wellbeing just as their learning. Sadness in youngsters and youths might be communicated uniquely in contrast to that in grown-ups, with show social issue (for example touchiness, verbal hostility and unfortunate behavior), substance misuse and additionally comorbid mental clutters. In youngsters matured somewhere in the range of 6 and 12 years, the most widely recognized signs are ordered into are school troubles, substantial scatters (for example Intermittent stomach torment, migraines), weakness, aloofness, dietary problems, absence of inspiration, loss of focus, crabbiness, fretfulness which regularly lead experts to misdiagnose the youngster with ADHD rather than gloom (Melnyk et al.,2003). With respect to youths, the most widely recognized signs and side effects are emotional episodes, social detachment, hypersomnia, sentiment of sadness, self-destructive considerations, dietary problems and medication or liquor misuse (Richardson et al., 1996). Hazard factors for self destruction in youngsters are: past self destruction endeavors; a nearby relative who has ended it all; past mental hospitalization; late loss of a huge figure (through death, separation or partition); social seclusion; medication or liquor misuse; presentation to brutality in the home or the social condition; and handguns in the home. Early admonitions for self destruction are discussing it, distraction with death and passing on, parting with unique belongings, and making plans to deal with incomplete business. Williams (2009), offers a portrayal to recognizing discouraged youths, for example, Physical side effects with highlights of uneasiness. At times poor working at school, socially, or at home. Terrible conduct, especially in young men. Quick emotional episodes frequently happen. The way that kids can appreciate a few parts of their life shouldnt block the conclusion of sadness. Tension Tension is a typical piece of living, it’s an organic response. Tension gets us far from hurt and sets us up to act immediately when confronting a threat; it is a typical response to a distressing circumstance, along these lines it can assist us with adapting to it. However we may discover it now and then in the center of the improvement of mental issue particularly when uneasiness turns into an inordinate nonsensical concern of ordinary circumstances, and an incapacitating condition sufficiently extreme to meddle with a people capacity to center and concentrate where it turns into a confusion. Helfinstein (2009) accepts that â€Å"anxiety alludes to the cerebrum reaction to risk, upgrades that a life form will effectively endeavor to keep away from. This mind reaction is a fundamental feeling effectively present in earliest stages and adolescence, with articulations falling on a continuum from gentle to serious. Uneasiness isn't normally neurotic as it is versatile in numerous situations when it encourages evasion of peril. Solid cross-species parallelsâ€both in organisms’ reactions to peril and in the fundamental cerebrum hardware connected by threatsâ€likely mirror these versatile parts of anxiety†. 50 years back, Grinker (1959, p.56) accepted that typical nervousness could be goal and genuine when we face characteristic circumstances that produce uneasiness, for example youngster before his tests, guardians before their child’s disease. Very nearly a century back, in his â€Å"A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis† (1920), Freud accepted that uneasiness was utilized â€Å"in association with a condition paying little heed to any objective†, it’s â€Å"a emotional condition, brought about by the discernment that a â€Å"evolution of fear† has been consummated†. †¦ These days, for the American Psychologists Association (2013) portray Social Anxiety Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder among the nervousness issue incorporate where Strategy Test The example of this investigation included 187 kids and youthful teenagers (Males = 122 and Females = 65) matured somewhere in the range of 10 and 15 years enduring of school disappointment and took a crack at the fourth to the eighth grades, arbitrarily drawn from 10 schools situated in Mount Lebanon Caza (5 administrative and 5 private). Devices Nervousness The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) created by Speilberger in 1970 was utilized. It comprises of two 20-thing scales that measure state and attribute uneasiness in kids between the ages of 8 and 14. The A-State scale analyzes the shorter-term state tension that is regularly explicit to circumstances. It prompts respondents to show how they feel ‘right now’ (for example quiet, steamed) on a 3-point scale going from 1 to 3. Adding reactions makes an all out score that can extend from 20 to 60. The A-Trait scale gauges longer-term characteristic uneasiness, which tends to how the kid by and large feels. It requests that respondents pick

Project team for a fictitious technology-intensive company in the year Assignment

Task group for an invented innovation escalated organization in the year 2011 - Assignment Example (Solomon, et al., 1993). This manager’s control contains a repeatable, organization wide methodology for the administration of venture groups include in the advancement of programming and equipment arrangement ventures. The practices contained here in rehearses are transferable to different sorts of undertakings that would profit by venture the board. It give requested areas introducing the fundamental strides for arrangement, the board and assessment of venture groups over the association. This guide has been grown explicitly for the administration of Information Technology ventures. The procedures with are operational don't have to follow these rules. The activities which meet all requirements to utilize this guide ought to have the accompanying qualities: it is a free undertaking; endures longer than a couple of individual hours; requires a multidisciplinary approach; it isn't task situated; includes under five masters; it is intended to achieve a perplexing venture; may require change the board pr ocedure; level of hazard is high as far as monetary and operational, among others (Ahmed, 2007). All the ventures in the organization must be endorsed by the Chief Executive Officer through a supported Project Document. Contingent upon the kind of venture, the undertaking record ought to plainly demonstrate the title of the task; points of the undertaking; results of the undertaking; group piece; asset plan; procedure of the venture; workplan; venture cost and assessment technique This segment gives fundamental rules on its arrangement extends .The accompanying rules ought to be followed in shaping venture groups for creating programming and equipment. The main phase of shaping the task group is obtaining the venture group. The individuals can be chosen inside or remotely as experts. The individuals must be chosen dependent on rundown of required abilities and standards as requested by

Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed I Must Have International Experience

Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed I Must Have International Experience In the past, we have debunked the prevailing myth that MBA applicants must follow a specific “right” professional path to be accepted to business school. Now we want to dispel the similar myth that candidates must have a certain kind and level of life  experience. For example, applicants often worry that they lack an appropriate amount of international experience, but having international experience is not a prerequisite for or guarantee of admission to a top programâ€"and a dearth of such experience does not immediately disqualify you, either. That admissions officers want a geographically and experientially diverse class is generally understood, and most MBA candidates these days have had some international exposure, either through personal travel or work. However, keep in mind that international exposure is not limited to physically leaving one’s home country. If you are dealing with suppliers abroad or running a weekly conference call with a team in another countryâ€"even if you are an American doing this from the United States or an Indian managing these tasks from Indiaâ€"you still have international experience. However, even if you are an American working for a U.S. company with a product or service based in the United States and with strictly U.S. customersâ€"as unlikely as that is these daysâ€"you are not applying at a disadvantage. If you have not had the personal resources or the professional opportunities to gain international experience, you can still become a business leaderâ€"the two are not mutually exclusive. So, like all candidates, you will need to explain to the MBA admissions committee how your degree will help you achieve your dreams. Gaining an international education and international exposure through your MBA may just be a crucial step in reaching your goals. Share ThisTweet Admissions Myths Destroyed

Young Marriage - 7481 Words

Due to the increase in the marriages of young people, there is a controversial debate whether young people should getting married at early age. While some people believe this has a number of negative effects on our lives, the others disagree.(This is my suggested introduction.) There are a lot of advantages for marriage at early age, which is considered between 19 years old and 22 years old. The greatest advantage of getting married at a young age is [font#0000FF]that people can have more time to have children, especially those who want a big family. That is because young people at a very early age are more likely tobe able to produce more offspring than old people . Another benefit is that young people can get as much emotional support†¦show more content†¦So we took the plunge, getting married on the beach in Miami Beach in front of our friends and family. Thats where the problems began. Once the excitement of planning a beach wedding was over, after the suntan had faded, I was left simply living my life with my husband. Dont get me wrong, I loved him -- and a part of me always will. But because we had started dating at such a young age, he was marrying someone who had absolutely no idea who she was and what she wanted in her life. In short, it was a recipe for divorce. People under the age of 25 are still discovering themselves; they are figuring out what is most important in their lives. They are discovering the joys (and heartache) of being in a relationship, and then the partying that often characterizes life between relationships. They are figuring out what their relationship deal-breakers are and who their most appropriate partners would be. While a person may be 100 percent certain that they love something -- or someone -- at the age of 21, by 29, they will most likely completely change their mind. Life is anything but certain. My opinions are based solely on my personal experiences and the experiences of the people that I know and have observed. That being said, marriage and divorce statistics do support my claim. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, approximately 60 percent of marriages in which the couple marries between age 20 and 25 will end inShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay On Young Marriage946 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic of young marriage, is a conversation, which has long been discussed. In today’s society we talk more about business, careers, and shared ambitions of success at a young age more than we ever have before. But, what about the pink elephant in the room? You know, young marriage. After exploring deeper into the thoughts and perspectives surrounding young marriage I have come to question the validity of wanting to be married in this society. During my research I have attempted to dissect theRead MoreYoung Adults : Gender Equality And Marriage3766 Words   |  16 PagesYoung Adults Perspective on Gender Equality and Marriage - Anuhya Kurumaddali Abstract Gender equality and marriage play an important role in determining the work-family balance in the society. The work-family balance has become an important concern for sociologists and researchers all over the world and young adults of today certainly have a lot of opinions and preferences on the work family balance that they wish to lead in the future. Through my paper I wish to understand the perspectives ofRead MoreHow Marriage Can Be A Better Role Models For Young Children1797 Words   |  8 PagesWhen beginning a marriage, it takes time and effort. Every marriage is different and every individual in a marriage is different. Some couples consider marrying one of the great thing they get to do in life. It allows a couple to come together, sharing everything, and support each other throughout different phases in their life. Marriage provides permanent stability and a sense of belonging, as the two people form, not only as an economic unit, but a social force against the harsh rea lities ofRead MoreLove Marriage Is Becoming Common Among The Young Generation1149 Words   |  5 Pagesarranged marriage and this has been going on for centuries. If someone falls in love with another it would be difficult for them to get married because culturally it s a shame and it will bring chaos among both families if they find out. However, lately love marriage is becoming common among the young generation in spite of its difficulties. When I was growing up, my mother would always tell me that I should not fall in love with anyone because she believed strongly in arranged marriage like sheRead MoreEffects Of Marriage On Society : A Young Man Once Lived Happily With His Wife And Eight Children1689 Words   |  7 PagesEmile Bongkiyung Professor Brothers English 1010 15 April 2012 The Effects of Polygamous Marriages in our Societies A young man once lived happily with his wife and eight children. After his eighth child turned out to be a girl, he was a little bit upset but was still in love with his family. When he decided to take in a second wife in order to guarantee a male child, the family started having new problems. Some of the kids became traumatized since they had not been used to problems. The husbandRead MoreThe Effects of Early Marriage Among Young Adults872 Words   |  4 PagesTHE EFFECTS OF EARLY MARRIAGE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS. Young adults may endure misery as a result of early marriage. Until more is known about their situation there can be no reliable estimates of the scale of their predicament, or of the social damage that is carried forward in the upbringing they give to their own children. One thing is clear is the impact of early marriage on girls and to a lesser extent on boys. Early marriage may bring negatives effect such as, psychosocial disadvantages, hardshipRead MoreExploring Religious Education Essay746 Words   |  3 Pages keep the Mass going, because as the old get older, the young get less interested. Churches in Canberra are already taking action to attract young people. There are youth groups that hold concerts, parties and get togethers so that people of the same age group can meet and relate to each other. The youth of today has not been brought up in a Church based community as the Generations before them had been. Young people have less knowledge of the history and meaningsRead MoreMuddled Generation2296 Words   |  10 Pagescommitments? The decline in marriages and the rising age of those who do marry1, as well as the decline in life-long religious vocations, seem to point towards an inability to commit for the long haul. There is also less involvement by young people in politics and action groups as evidenced by the drop in membership to youth sections of political parties2 and lower electoral turnouts3. Can we identify any factors that might have a clear influence on the decision power of young people of today which mightRead MoreGirls Group : Empowering Young Girls Essay2118 Words   |  9 PagesASSIGNMENT 1. GIRLS GROUP: EMPOWERING YOUNG GIRLS. In this assignment, I am going to talk about a project I was recently involved with. The project was based on a girls group at The Factory Youth Zone around empowering young girls. We done this, as we believed they needed educating more with in certain subjects and wanted to build their confidence also thought the young girls involved would benefit from having these sessions and to give them chance to have a voice. The idea for this project cameRead More Benefits of Mentoring for Young People Essay2698 Words   |  11 Pagesdevelopment of intelligent and prosperous young men and women. Young people today need multi-dimensional care in order to successfully mature into well rounded individuals. Unfortunately, a majority of youth today are not receiving the attention they need in order to reach their full potential (Boyle 1). Without proper guidance, these youth are practicing in high risk behaviors, such as substance abuse and violence. When faced with difficult situations, it is eas y for a young person to make poor choices. A

Does Quantum Physics Prove Gods Existence

The observer effect in quantum mechanics indicates that the quantum wavefunction  collapses when an observation is made by an observer. It is a consequence of the traditional Copenhagen interpretation  of quantum physics. Under this interpretation, does that mean that there must be an observer in place from the beginning of time? Does this prove a need for Gods existence, so that his act of observing the universe would bring it into being? Metaphysical Approaches Using Quantum Physics to Prove Gods Existence There are several metaphysical approaches using quantum physics to try to prove the existence of God within the current framework of physical knowledge and, of them, this is one which seems among the most intriguing and most difficult to shake because its got a lot of compelling components to it. Basically, this takes some valid insights into how the Copenhagen interpretation works, some knowledge of the Participatory Anthropic Principle (PAP), and finds a way to insert God into the universe as a necessary component to the universe. The Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics suggests that as a system unfolds, its physical state is defined by its quantum wavefunction. This quantum wavefunction describes the probabilities of all possible configurations of the system. At the point when a measurement is made, the wavefunction at that point collapses into a single state (a process called decoherence of the wavefunction). This is best exemplified in the thought experiment and paradox of Schroedingers Cat, which is both alive and dead at the same time until an observation is made. Now, theres one way to easily rid ourselves of the problem: The Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics could be wrong about the need for a conscious act of observation. In fact, most physicists consider this element to be unnecessary and they think that the collapse really just comes from interactions within the system itself. There are some problems with this approach, though, and so we cant completely role out a potential role for the observer. Even if we allow that the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics is completely correct, there are two significant reasons that might explain  why this argument doesnt work. Reason One: Human Observers Are Sufficient The argument being exploited in this method of proving God is that there needs to be an observer to cause a collapse. However, it makes the error of assuming that the collapse has to take prior to the creation of that observer. In fact, the Copenhagen interpretation contains no such requirement. Instead, what would happen according to quantum physics is that the universe could exist as a superposition of states, unfolding simultaneously in every possible permutation, until such a time when an observer springs up in one such possible universe. At the point the observer potentially exists, there is, therefore, an act of observation, and the universe collapses into that state. This is essentially the argument of the Participatory Anthropic Principle, created by John Wheeler. In this scenario, there is no need for a God, because the observer (presumably humans, though its possible some other observers beat us to the punch) is itself the creator of the universe. As described by Wheeler in a 2006 radio interview: We are participators in bringing into being not only the near and here but the far away and long ago. We are in this sense, participators in bringing about something of the universe in the distant past and if we have one explanation for whats happening in the distant past why should we need more? Reason Two: an All-Seeing God Doesnt Count as an Observer The second flaw in this line of reasoning is that it is usually tied in with the idea of an omniscient deity that is simultaneously aware of everything happening in the universe. God is very rarely depicted as having blind spots. In fact, if the deitys observational acumen is fundamentally required for the creation of the universe, as the argument suggests, presumably he/she/it doesnt let much slip by. And that poses a bit of a problem. Why? The only reason we know about the observer effect is that sometimes no observation is being made. This is clearly evident in the quantum double slit experiment. When a human makes an observation at the appropriate time, there is one result. When a human does not, there is a different result. However, if an omniscient God were observing things, then there would never be a no observer result to this experiment. The events would always unfold as if there were an observer. But instead we always get the results as we expect, so it seems that in this case, the human observer is the only one that matters. While this certainly poses problems for an omniscient God, it doesnt entirely let a non-omniscient deity off the hook, either. Even if God looked at the slit every, say, 5% of the time, in between various other deity-related multitasking duties, scientific results would show that 5% of the time, we get an observer result when we should get a no observer result. But this doesnt happen, so if there is a God, then he/she/it apparently chooses consistently not to ever look at particles going through these slits. As such, this refutes any notion of a God who is aware of everything—or even most things—within the universe. If God exists and does count as an observer in the quantum physics sense, then it would need to be a God who regularly does not make any observations, or else the results of quantum physics (the very ones trying to be used to support Gods existence) fail to make any sense.

The Art of Persuassion Essay - 1470 Words

The textbook Persuasion in Society defines framing as â€Å"a number of possible ways of seeing something, while it defines reframing as a way of seeing something differently; in effect changing its meaning†. (Simons Jones p.179) Essentially these definitions boil down to perspective. How things are framed are simply what perspective they are shown in or which they are intended to be shown in. Reframing simply means that the perspective changes and adjustments are made on the fly. These concepts were applied in our class in some of the videos and movies we observed. For example, the video we observed on Republicans v. Democrats and how they frame certain language to be beneficial to their respective party and campaigns. Certain trigger words†¦show more content†¦They have to reframe the entire story when his character gets himself killed, reframing it to the somber homecoming for the lost life of a soldier. The final reframing in the movie is when Dustin Hoffman’s character demands credit for the entire operation and is killed off, but his death is framed as a heart attack by the pool. 2. Throughout the semester I feel as if you were trying to persuade us of multiple things using multiple different methods. Firstly and most importantly, you persuaded us to come to class even though you did not enforce the attendance policy. You accomplished this by giving quizzes on almost every class day. By giving quizzes even though we could miss as many days as we wanted, our grades were still being affected by not attending. In some ways, although you did not enforce an attendance policy, the policy you did have in place affected our grade more than the standard attendance policy. By not attending classes, not only did we receive a zero on the quiz for the day, but we would also miss out on the discussion for the day, which in turn would affect us on the midterm or the final. By the same token, you also persuaded us to actually read the book. Many kids, including myself will just skim the chapter, but by asking us specific questions and testing us on every night we read, you ensured we actually read and understood what weShow MoreRelatedThe Art of Persuassion and Speeches Essay1089 Words   |  5 Pagespart of a series of malicious activities. In speeches created and presented by Malcolm X you will find similar manipulation and persuasion tactics to have been used. History has been filled with people who practice to master the intricate art of persuasion. The art of persuasion is a skill that not everyone has, however,the â€Å"I Have A Dream† speech by Martin Luther King Jr. and â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† speech by Malcolm X; both exert great use of the skill, and many similar practices were used byRead MoreThe Media Helps to Construct National Identity and Loyal National Subjects. Discuss.3186 Words   |  13 Pagesand symbols can be perceived as a strategy of engagement where Singaporeans, especially the politically less-informed, would be incited to participate by internalizing the sights and sounds of ‘nationhood’. ( Ministry of Information Communication and Arts, 2000) National Rally Thirdly, the National Day Rally would be held after the National Day parade and when all the hype has die down. The media is then used to rationalize the rule of the party and often provide additional benefits for SingaporeansRead MoreMcdonald Marketing of Service12670 Words   |  51 Pageslifestyle or personality characteristics (Kotler et al. 2008, 235). In this segmentation,McDonald’smainly targets children as believers like them based on VALS type (Belivers 2012), will go through the buying process (Kotler et al. 2008, 438) until the persuassion stage and influence their parents in their buying decision. For instance, after the attracted stage of â€Å"Happy Meal† toys. Moreover, according to Roy Morgan Value Segments, family and children, as well as health conscious consumers are categorised

How to Avoid High Turnover free essay sample

Employee turnover is a ratio comparison of the number of employees a company must replace in a given time period to the average number of total employees. † In the recent years Operation department of Caulfield Racecourse experienced problems associated with high turnover, which is a pervasive and serious issue resulting in high direct expenditure as well as intangible costs, low performance level and job dissatisfaction. Operation department is looking after large numbers of employees: event managers and supervisors, administration and operation assistants, staff coordinators, caterers, set up teams, cleaners. The problem is not the lack of job applicants: the company receives endless stream of applications. The problem is that the quality employees are hard to keep. The talented employees do not stay for long before they get employed somewhere else. As an Operation Manager Executive Assistant the author has been asked to examine and analyse factors that may impact on staff turnover. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Avoid High Turnover or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Applying a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques (form of structured questionnaire) to determine the reasons why workers leave their jobs at Operation department, this research tries to identify the root causes of job dissatisfaction leading to turnover and provides managerial implications that may assist managers in dealing with labor-related risks. 1. 1 Objectives This report is identified to achieve the following objectives: 1. To identify general factors that may cause high turnover within Operation department. 2. To examine and analyse levels of staff job satisfaction. 3. To suggest some measures in order to improve overall job satisfaction, performance and reduce high turnover. 1. 2 Methodology * Structured questionnaire (consist of multiple choices, ranking and descriptive questions). The survey method was selected to gather primary data by administering the structured questionnaire among the employee in Operation department of Caulfield racecourse. The questionnaire is chosen because of its simplicity and reliability. We can expect a straight answer, which is directly related to the questions asked. Interpretation of data under this can also be done correctly. An organisation perceived to be in economic difficulty will also raise the specter of impending layoffs. Workers believe that it is rational to seek other employment. 3. The organisational culture. Much has been written about organisational culture. It is sufficient to note here that the reward system, the strength of leadership, the ability of the organisations to elicit a sense of commitment on the part of workers, and its development of a sense of shared goals, among other factors, will influence such indices of job satisfaction as turnover intentions and turnover rate. . The characteristics of the job. Some jobs are intrinsically more attractive than others. A jobs attractiveness will be affected by many characteristics, including its repetitiveness, challenge, danger, perceived importance, and capacity to elicit a sense of accomplishment. A jobs status is also important, as are many other factors. 5. Unrealistic expectations. Another factor is the unrealistic expectations and ge neral lack of knowledge that many job applicants have about the job at the time that they receive an offer. When these unrealistic expectations are not realised, the worker becomes disillusioned and decides to quit. 6. Demographics. Empirical studies have demonstrated that turnover is associated in particular situations with demographic and biographical characteristics of workers. But to use lifestyle factors (e. g. smoking) or past employment history (e. g. many job changes) as an explicit basis for screening applicants, it is important for legality and fairness to job applicants to verify such biodata empirically. 7. The person. In addition to the factors listed above, there are also factors specific to the ndividual that can influence turnover rates. These include both personal and trait-based factors. Personal factors include things such as changes in family situation, a desire to learn a new skill or trade, or an unsolicited job offer. In addition to these personal factors, there are also trait-based or personality features that are associated with turnover. These traits are some of t he same characteristics that predict job performance and counterproductive behaviors such as loafing, absenteeism, theft, substance abuse on the job, and sabotage of employers equipment or production. These traits can be measured and used in employee screening to identify individuals showing lower probability of turnover. It is important to note that the factors we have listed above can be classified as being within or beyond the control of the employing organisation. In order to actively participate in reducing costs associated with turnover, organisations need to identify those factors over which they do have some control and initiate necessary changes to reduce turnover attributable to these controllable factors.

Classical music concert

This is a response paper to a classical music concert I attended at the Disney Concert Hall in downtown Los Angeles on the 7th of December 2012. The title of the concert was ‘Toyota Symphonies for Youths’ created by Adam Reilly and  Igor Stravinsky of the Musical Dramaturg and Production Consultant.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Classical music concert specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The music was conducted by Dietrich Paredes and directed by Abigail Deser. The main idea was to showcase a mix of classical music for the youth. The music was blended with fun and fantasy to entertain teenagers and young people, who are known to enjoy fun music. The first piece of art that I saw was written by Leon Martell and choreographed by Kitty McNamee. In the main auditorium there was a nice synchronized melody of the blend of different musical instrument and a beautiful vocal performance from the performers. There were four performers; one lady and three gentlemen. The lady was mainly doing the vocals while one of the gentlemen was playing the piano, the other was playing an oboe and the last one was playing a bassoon. As usual the stage was well lit and the performers had confidence as they entertained the audience. Since this was a classical music concert, it was obvious the kind of audience that would appreciate the performance. One interesting thing about this concert is the fact that classical music was incorporated with vocals. This is one of the modernizations that this genre of music has had to undergo. Before, it was very uncharacteristic for classical music to use vocals. The writings of the music had to be written down in musical notes and instruments used as the only means of output. Apart from the performance of the first group there were other groups that also performed the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra. The Hollywood Bowl Orchestra is an early piece that was first performed in 1922, by the Eugene Goossens. Just like in the previous performance the orchestra bands also did an amazing performance reading the notations from a script and playing the music with their different instruments. Some of the instruments that I saw being played by the two groups were piano, organ, and harpsichord. These instruments are played mainly solo. Unlike the traditional classical music, I noticed there were several electric equipments that were used; for instance, electric guitar and synthesizers. The music played by the two orchestra bands, were accompanied with impressive ballroom performances whereby ballet dancers would join the music and entertain the audience. The instruments used in classical music have undergone changes from the time the genre began.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is a lot of modernization in which also includes the dress codes and the perfo rmers. In this concert each of the performers including the ballet dancer were dressed in suits. Considering the history of classical music and ballroom dancing, the kind of audience that enjoys these pieces of art are the elites of the society. It is usually a common thing to find the audience respecting the value of the music by observing decorum in the auditorium. The music itself had balanced and harmonious phrases. The melodies were elegant that the audience was so impressed. Considering the nature of classical music from the traditional perspective, such pieces are only supposed to be performed in such a way. There is no need of oral presentations and recording. However, conventional classical music has tried to embrace certain things such as recording of the performances for commercialization purposes. This essay on Classical music concert was written and submitted by user Kaitlin Brennan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of the Sewing Machine

History of the Sewing Machine Hand sewing is an art form that is over 20,000 years old. The first sewing needles were made of bones or animal horns, and the first thread was made of animal sinew. Iron needles were invented in the 14th century. The first eyed needles appeared in the 15th century. Birth of Mechanical Sewing The first possible patent connected to mechanical sewing was a 1755 British patent issued to German, Charles Weisenthal. Weisenthal was issued a patent for a needle that was designed for a machine. However, the patent did not describe the rest of the machine. It is unknown whether a machine existed. Several Inventors Attempt to Improve Sewing The English inventor and cabinet maker, Thomas Saint was issued the first patent for a complete machine for sewing in 1790. It is not known if Saint built a working prototype of his invention. The patent describes an awl that punched a hole in leather and passed a needle through the hole. A later reproduction of Saints invention based on his patent drawings did not work. In 1810, German, Balthasar Krems invented the automatic machine for sewing caps. Krems did not patent his invention, and it never functioned well. Austrian tailor, Josef Madersperger made several attempts at inventing the machine for sewing and was issued a patent in 1814. All of his efforts were considered unsuccessful. In 1804, a French patent was granted to Thomas Stone and James Henderson for a machine that emulated hand sewing. That same year a patent was granted to Scott John Duncan for an embroidery machine with multiple needles. Both inventions failed and were soon forgotten by the public. In 1818, the first American sewing machine was invented by John Adams Doge and John Knowles. Their machine failed to sew any useful amount of fabric before malfunctioning. The First Functional Machine That Caused a Riot The first functional sewing machine was invented by the French tailor, Barthelemy Thimonnier, in 1830. Thimonniers machine used only one thread and a hooked needle that made the same chain stitch used with embroidery. The inventor was almost killed by an enraged group of French tailors who burnt down his garment factory because they feared unemployment as a result of his sewing machine invention. Walter Hunt andElias Howe In 1834, Walter Hunt built Americas first (somewhat) successful sewing machine. He later lost interest in patenting because he believed his invention would cause unemployment. (Hunts machine could only sew straight steams.) Hunt never patented and in 1846, the first American patent was issued to Elias Howe for a process that used thread from two different sources. Elias Howes machine had a needle with an eye at the point. The needle was pushed through the cloth and created a loop on the other side; a shuttle on a track then slipped the second thread through the loop, creating what is called the lockstitch. However, Elias Howe later encountered problems defending his patent and marketing his invention. For the next nine years, Elias Howe struggled, first to enlist interest in his machine, then to protect his patent from imitators. His lockstitch mechanism was adopted by others who were developing innovations of their own. Isaac Singer invented the up-and-down motion mechanism, and Allen Wilson developed a rotary hook shuttle. Isaac Singer vs. Elias Howe Sewing machines did not go into mass production until the 1850s when Isaac Singer built the first commercially successful machine. Singer built the first sewing machine where the needle moved up and down rather than the side-to-side, and a foot treadle powered the needle. Previous machines were all hand-cranked. However, Isaac Singers machine used the same lockstitch that Howe had patented. Elias Howe sued Isaac Singer for patent infringement and won in 1854. Walter Hunts sewing machine also used a lockstitch with two spools of thread and an eye-pointed needle; however, the courts upheld Howes patent since Hunt had abandoned his patent. If Hunt had patented his invention, Elias Howe would have lost his case, and Isaac Singer would have won. Since he lost, Isaac Singer had to pay Elias Howe patent royalties. Note: In 1844, Englishmen John Fisher received a patent for a lace-making machine that was identical enough to the machines made by Howe and Singer that if Fishers patent had not been lost in the patent office, John Fisher would also have been part of the patent battle. After successfully defending his right to a share in the profits of his invention, Elias Howe saw his annual income jump from three hundred to more than two hundred thousand dollars a year. Between 1854 and 1867, Howe earned close to two million dollars from his invention. During the Civil War, he donated a portion of his wealth to equip an infantry regiment for the Union Army and served in the regiment as a private. Isaac Singer vs. Elias Hunt The 1834 eye-pointed needle sewing machine of  Walter Hunt  was later re-invented by  Elias Howe  of Spencer, Massachusetts and patented by him in 1846. Each sewing machine (Walter Hunts and Elias Howes) had a curved eye-pointed needle that passed the thread through the fabric in an arc motion; and on the other side of the fabric a loop was created; and a second thread was carried by shuttle running back and forth on a track passed through the loop creating a lockstitch. Elias Howes design was copied by Isaac Singer and others, leading to extensive patent litigation. However, a court battle in the 1850s conclusively gave Elias Howe the patent rights to the eye-pointed needle. Elias Howe brought the court case against Isaac Merritt Singer, the largest manufacturer of sewing machines for patent infringement. In his defense, Isaac Singer attempted to invalidate Howes patent, to show that the invention was already some 20 years old and that Howe should not have been able to claim the royalties from anyone using his designs that Singer had been forced to pay. Since Walter Hunt had abandoned his sewing machine and had not filed for a patent, Elias Howes patent was upheld by a court decision in 1854. Isaac Singers machine was also somewhat different from Howes. Its needle moved up and down, rather than sideways, and it was powered by a treadle rather than a hand crank. However, it used the same lockstitch process and a similar needle. Elias Howe died in 1867, the year his patent expired. Other Historic Moments in the History of the Sewing Machine On June 2, 1857, James Gibbs patented the first chain-stitch single-thread sewing machine. Helen Augusta Blanchard of Portland, Maine (1840-1922) patented the first zig-zag stitch machine in 1873. The zig-zag stitch better seals the edges of a seam, making a garment sturdier. Helen Blanchard also patented 28 other inventions including the hat-sewing machine, surgical needles, and other improvements to sewing machines. The first mechanical sewing machines were used in garment factory production lines. It was not until 1889 that a sewing machine for use in the home was designed and marketed. By 1905, the electrically-powered sewing machine was in wide use.

Assassination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assassination - Essay Example Other incidents include unauthorized airplanes passing over the White House and in given situation, an aircraft crashing into the house. Plans to utilize planes seem most application for the assassins since the ground is somehow well guarded and the only place they can reach the presidents is using the planes to strike the White House. Other characteristics of assassinsare the use of threats, comprising armed assaults and bombings, dreaded kidnaping and captive-taking, assassination plots, alongside direct, strikes on the presidents (Jost & Sidanius 78). On the other hand, some assassins sometimes form organized groups that take part of some regions in opposition to the president’s leadership or just greed for power. Such incidences occur regular accompanied by kidnapping of children while on vacation like the incident of President Cleveland. Another example is the September 11, 2001 where the attackers used different planes to strike different buildings (Jost & Sidanius 123). The three categories of motivations for Non-Presidential assassinations depend on some objectives but not all of them possess the past US model. The categories are based on assassinations as a way through which politicalelite replaces the existing government without influencing systemic or usualchange. The second category is those with reasons to harm the legality of controlling the elite and influencing the system or ideological amendments and lastly categorized based on propaganda of encouraging ideology (Jost & Sidanius

Theories of Nationalism and Ethnicity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Theories of Nationalism and Ethnicity - Essay Example This is what they call the â€Å"Toyota Way†. Whatever characteristics it may carry, it must be systemic, truly lasting and valuable to them. Along this line, the main concern of this paper is the Japanese ethnicity prominent in the Japanese-based Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC). The intended framework is to scrutinize the uniqueness of the much researched management style_ the â€Å"Toyota Way† at the same time determine which sociological perspectives and paradigms that would apply to the characteristics of Toyota’s Japanese ethnicity as well as determine how it has given great impact to the success of TMC. This paper seeks to draw some answers to questions like has Japanese ethnicity posed more of a problem or an advantage to TMC? What techniques does TMC use on its people to be able to build and attain such reputation which won the confidence of the public to patronize TMC’s quality-made vehicles and services within a Western-dominated work area? What i s this Toyota Way? How does Japanese ethnicity affect the quality performance of TMC? This academic exercise would attempt to relate selected socio-ethnical principles to the established ethos or principles used by TMC as well as possibly draw out some answers whether these principles overlap, contradict or complement each other? It is then within these parameters that the discussion on this paper will revolve. On the other hand, the limitation of this paper will only be on the time frame used to feature actual conditions of TMC as this paper uses data and time series, specifically a year before to date or prior to the March 11, 2011 tsunami disaster and nuclear meltdown. Keywords: Toyota Way, Ethnicity, Ethnocentrism, Corporate culture Toyota Motor Corporation’s Domain Before interpolating the sociological perspectives of ethnicity to TMC’s management principles and to understand better the subject understudy, it is important to have knowledge first of Toyota Motor Co rporation, its corporate philosophy, values, vision, and how it operates. TMC’s domain belongs to the automotive industry and thus, its main product is the automobile. However, â€Å"TMC today has expanded its business to other non-automotive related business activities to include: community livelihood support, education, financial services, among others. Their stakeholders include: customers, business partners (dealers and suppliers), investors, consumers, nongovernmental organisations government, community, stockholders.†(â€Å"Toyota Company Overview†, 2011) A Window to Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) Toyota’s Significant Achievements Through the years, â€Å"Toyota has repeatedly outperformed its competitors in quality, reliability, productivity, cost reduction, sales and market share growth, and market capitalization† (Spear, 2010). TMC, within its domain, has gained public confidence in the quality of its luxurious, economical and environmenta l-friendly vehicles and other hi-tech products it produced. It has also expanded to venture on enhanced advanced technology products like robotics, prototyped environment-friendly electric cabs; spearheaded activities that lessen carbon emission in the environment and in its other involvement related to its aspiration to actualize its corporate social responsibility. Not to forget, TMC has expanded also its non-automotive activities like community education and livelihood support packages as

Brown V. Board of Education Essay Example for Free

Brown V. Board of Education Essay Brown v Board of Education is a historical landmark case that dismantled segregation laws and established a great milestone in the movement toward true equality. The Supreme Courts unanimously decided on Brown v. Board of Education that separate but equal is inherently unequal. Ruling that no state had the power to pass a law that deprived anyone from his or her 14th amendment rights. For my historical analysis I will use Richard Kluger’s â€Å"Simple Justice†, in which he argues, â€Å"that the Declaration of Independence was marred by hypocrisy—all men were not equal if black†. His book will assist me in learning the policies that lead to and surrounded this case. Using interviews I conducted, where I questioned inner city high school students of their schooling experience in comparison to my brother who attends a predominately white privileged private school, I will ultimately uncover the many inequalities that still exist today. While researching I interviewed my great-Aunt Bertha, who grew up in the state of Mississippi, she had a first-hand experience of life before Brown v Board of Education and life after the Supreme Court ruled on the case, her life was changed forever. My research will focus on not only a historical analysis of what occurred, but how far America has claimed to truly come in dealings with race relations, and the inequalities that still exist today. The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 between the United States also known as the â€Å"Union† and the few southern states that announced their separation from the United States known as the â€Å"Confederates†. The war was based mainly on differing opinions on the issue of slavery. The war lasted about four years and the results yielded in the Confederacy being defeated by the Union. Upon defeating the Confederates, the Union abolished slavery. From that moment on the process of rebuilding the Union as a strong united nation began. This Union was to guarantee freedom to slaves and began the process of having former slaves obtain rights entitled to all citizens. Once the Civil War had ended, so did the policy of legal slavery. However former Confederate leaders did not intend on allowing the former slaves to have all the same rights as whites nor did they intend for former slaves to be counted equally as citizens. Just before the end of the war, congress had passed the Morrill Act of 1862. This act was to provide for federal funding of higher education. Former slave-holding states decided to find loop holes in allowing former slaves to benefit from the new federal funding as they were not ready to asked them as citizens or even human for that matter. Post-Civil War, the fourteenth amendment to the United States Constitution granted equal protection under the law to all citizens. Although the amendment was put into effect Congress knew the transition from slave to citizen with a hand full of rights would be difficult for former slaves so to help with the transition process Congress created the Freedmen’s Bureau. This program was created to assist in the integration of former slave into society as citizens. At the end of the reconstruction period in 1877 former Confederate states implemented random laws that would blatantly go against the federal law and the constitutional right granted b y the 14th amendment to all including African Americans for equal treatment under the law. Southern state believed they could somehow obey federal orders by having equality yet keeping order by having races remain separate. For many years the court at both state and federal level claimed the 14th amendment applied only to federal, not state, citizenship, therefore they had no control over how a state thought to treat or label an African American on their land. This was proven true of the court in the 1863 Civil Rights Case heard before the Supreme Court. This case was made up of five lower level court cases and made into one because they all had the same claim. In this case The Court held that Congress lacked the constitutional authority under the enforcement provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals and organizations, rather than state and local governments. After the end of Reconstruction, the federal government generally did not hear racial segregation cases instead advising the issue be left up to each individual state to handle. In understanding Brown v Board of Education one must first understand a little about Plessey v Ferguson. The issue in this case was can the states constitutionally enact legislation requiring persons of different races to use â€Å"separate but equal† segregated facilities? And the Court ruled, yes. The states can constitutionally enact legislation requiring persons of different races to use â€Å"separate but equal† segregated facilities, this coming from the highest Court of the land. The trouble with this ideology was that it is contradictory even in its simplest form. Although the Constitution required equality, the facilities and social services offered to African-Americans were almost always of lower quality than those offered to white Americans; for example, many African American schools received less public funding per student than nearby white schools. Public water fountains, which were label â€Å"colored†, were always of lower quality than those labeled for â€Å"whites†. Life went on lived with this flawed idea of serrate equality for many years creating an inferior class of citizens, black were at the bottom and therefore not equal. Many people have tried to challenge the â€Å"separate but equal† rule but most went unheard and those that were heard failed have a change occur. Eventually in 1954 a case did make it on the Supreme Court docket, that case was Linda Brown v. Board of Education. Brown v Board of Education asked the Supreme Court to answer the question of does the segregation of children in public schools s olely on the basis of race deprive the minority children of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment? Blacks wanted justice and wanted this question to be answered and clarified for all the nation that they too are people entitle to all the same rights as whites. Thurgood Marshall was one of leading attorney, and civil rights activists, who fought against the segregation laws and policies that were violating the rights of African Americans, especially the children. Kulger â€Å"†¦the African Americans were going to ask equal treatment from top to bottom; buses, buildings, teachers, teacher’s salaries, teaching materials. Everything the same. Anything less was patently in violation of the Fourteenth amendement, Thurgood Marshall explained. â€Å" (18) Thurgood Marshall was one of leading attorney, and civil rights activists, who fought against the segregation laws and policies that were violating the rights of African Americans, especially the children. Kulger Black children were denied admission to public schools attended by white children under laws requiring or permitting segregation according to the races. Linda Browns father though it to be insane that just based solely on the color of his daughters skin she would have to travel really far across train tracks to go to the black only school when they lived near by a school that happened to be labeled whites only. The National Association of the Advancement of Colored People picked up his case, making Linda Brown the poster girl for the cause; She was the embodiment of young black students that were not getting an adequate education that they are entitled to. Brown embellished the ideal look of an average, young, innocent girl, just trying to go to school like any other White child would. The NAACP hired a team of lawyers and civil rights activist to petition the court to hear out the constitutionality of this issue. The lawyers on the case complied many other cases into the same bulk because they all asked of the court the same question, which was the constitutionality of the separate but equal. The Supreme Court ultimately decided in favor of Brown and cited, â€Å"despite the equalization of the schools by objective factors, intangible issues foster and maintain inequality. Racial segregation in public education has a detrimental effect on minority children because it is interpreted as a sign of inferiority. The long-held doctrine that separate facilities were permissible provided they were equal was rejected. Separate but equal is inherently unequal in the context of public education.† This decision called for an end to all state maintained racial segregation. Although the legal end was called for the mentality of many remained the same some going so far as to verbally and physically torture blacks that would dare utilize the same facilities as whites. Brown v Board of Education was decided in 1954 approximately 60 years ago but the strong effects of life before the decision still live on today even in the State of New York which is known to be progressive and libe ral I find myself surround by many disparities. Within the New York Public school system for example. Although we are not literally labeled certain schools as a black school or a white schools the idea of zoning children into schools based on their address is just the new form of â€Å"separate but equal† in my eyes. I had the pleasure of interviewing a fellow political science major at The City College of New York. John Miller shared with me his experience within the New York City public school system, where he was educated until his graduation from high school or as he called it â€Å"aging out† of the system. John described in detail his experience of never having shared a classroom with a white person before enrolling at City College. John was born and raised in the Bedford Stuyvesant section of Brooklyn, New York. Bedford Stuyvesant is widely known as the black cultural mecca of Brooklyn, similar to what Harlem is to Manhattan. He explained to me the way New York City public school system works from kindergarten through 9th grade. Children are assigned a school tha t is in close proximity to their neighborhood. If they don’t like the school they are assigned to, which many do not, the answer from authority figures is â€Å"tough luck† or simply â€Å"move†. Unfortunately John was one of the students that had to stay in his underfunded school. He also told me about his best friend who was one of the lucky few that gained admission into a charter school (which seems to be the only way out of the failed Bedstuy public schools) in downtown Brooklyn. His friend was admitted into the school because his mother’s employer noticed what she felt was great intelligence for someone whose mother was a simple housekeeper. While he spent the day watching his mother clean her house she simply made a phone call to one of her friends who happened to be a big donor to the charter school and in just a few weeks he was being bussed to a 21st century private charter school. He was one of the lucky few to made it out. Miller is now at the University of Chicago studying biology, I hope of becoming a doctor. Most of their childhood friends from the neighborhood are either in prison most for crimes of necessity given their unfortunate circumstances. He described how another friend would frequently steal from the local grocery story to supply his family with food. Miller would like to point out that he is not trying to create excuses for the crimes committed, however he is sympathetic to their reasoning. He is also not oblivious to the fact that not all the crimes his childhood friends are being incarcerated for are crime of necessity but rather some are crimes of pure boredom. He is not sure where to place blame or on who in either circumstance. The past stories accounts for the majority of the men John knew but the women are not excluding from this group of underachievers. Most became pregnant at an extremely early age giving birth to children out of wedlock. They gave birth with the expectation that there is always â€Å"food stamps/welfare† I don’t need a job† while others are working dead end jobs making minimum wage. In his community education is clearly not something to value and I would make the claim that it is because from kindergarten the schools in this community are underfunded and have teacher who don’t care working in the system. If the teachers don’t care neither will the students and so the cycle continues. Was this system plan and created by our white socioeconomic counter part? We were taught to believe Brown v Board of Education would change our lives forever. Once the high Court made the claim that â€Å"separate but equal† actually was impossible to accomplish and an oxymoron within itself. Mississippi was so defiant towards the Brown v. Board of Education case, schools in the state refused to integrate. Therefore the federal courts in 1969 had to modify the Mississippi â€Å"desegregation order†. People still had their racist ideologies and even today 4 of the schools are â€Å"single-raced†, although it is legally outlawed. My aunt Bertha was a student in the Mississippi public school system in the year prior to and post Brown v. Board of education. She vividly recalls sitting with her family around a radio and hearing the Chief Justice announce the courts decision to declare â€Å"separate but equal† unconstitutional. Making separate schools for whites and black she thought would immediately become a something of the past. She admits to being very nervous yet excited about the idea of going to schools that white people would also go to. She even recalls telling her dad â€Å"maybe we wont have to share books anymore† pointing to the fact that her school was so underfunded and there weren’t enough books to go around. Bertha says 2 years after the decision was handed down by the court she remained a student at a school on the east side of the track which were for black and the whites remained enrolled in the other school. She visits once a year now for her high school reunion and is just now starting to notice some integration almost 60 plus years later the principle proudly announced we â€Å"now have a white population of 2.3 percent† although she was proudly to see Brown v. Education being implemented into her hometown she still is saddened by the fact that people of color on her side of the track could potentially go through life without ever having much interaction with the other race if they so chose. This saddens her because we are now living in 2012 and our President is black however whites and some blacks still seem very uncomfortable with they idea of being together, not just in the classroom but also in all aspects of life. â€Å"Segregation was an unmitigated evil, and no black man anywhere in America was free of its scar so long as the Supreme Court tolerated it† (290) We are still living in a systematic world of segregation in the New York City School System in the public and private sector. Schools where most of the students are minorities get underfunded. Is this a problem of economics? Distribution? Or an ongoing internal racism that often gets ignored? BIBLIOGRAPHY Kluger, Richard. Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black Americas Struggle for Equality. New York: Vintage, 2004. Print. Mississippi Schools Still Segregated Despite Court Order. Breaking News for Black America RSS. NewsOne Staff, 4 May 2011. Web. 18 Dec. 2012. Miller, J (2012, 5 October) Personal Interview Moore, B (2012 15, October) Telephone Interview

Behind Convicts Eyes by Cerceral Prison Essay -- Behind Convicts Ey

"Behind a Convict's Eyes" by K.C. Cerceral Introduction This paper is about the book 'Behind a Convict's Eyes' by K.C. Cerceral. This book was written by a young man who enters prison on a life sentence and describes the world around him. Life in prison is a subculture of its own, this subculture has its own society, language and cast system. The book describes incidents that have happen in prison to inmates. With this paper I will attempt to explain the way of life in a prison from an inmate's view. Understanding Prison Life After reading the book I have gained a new understanding of what inmates think about in prison. Working in an institution, I have a certain cynical attitude at times with inmates and their requests. Working in a reception facility, this is a facility where inmates are brought in from the county jails to the state intake facility, we deal with a lot of requests and questions. At times, with the phone ringing off the hook from family members and inmates with their prison request forms, you get a little cynical and tired of answering the same questions over and over. As I read the book I begin to understand some of the reason for the questions. Inmate(s) now realize that the officers and administrative personnel are in control of their lives. They dictate with to get up in the morning, take showers, eat meals, go to classes, the need see people for different reason, when to exercise and when to go to bed. The lost of control over their lives is a new experience for some and they would l ike to be able to adjust to this new lost of freedom. Upon understanding this and in reading the book, I am not as cynical as I have been and try to be more patient in answering questions. So in a way I have changed some of my thinking and understanding more of prison life. Describe Strategies and Compare with Voices from the Field Some of the adaptation strategies used by ?Anonymous? and the other inmates in prison where to use nicknames to feel more individual and unique. Being in prison can cause you to lose your identity as a person, most inmates are known by numbers. Another strategy was to conform to the schedule of the prisons. You can not eat when you want, shower, get up, go to recreation and go to bed. Everyone has a schedule and working with this schedules helps to learn how to cope. Also Anonymous and other inmates would take cla... ...y. As the book showed ?dad yells and blames everyone, mom yells at the kids, the older children yell at the younger children, and the youngest child kicks the cat.? (Carceral, 2004, pp. 200). The youngest child is not able to understand what is really going on and feels worthless and not loved without conditions. This child will turn to where they will get attention. This can lead to undesirable associates and into crime. As the child grows older, and has children of this/her own the syndrome is passed on. Conclusion I have to say the reading gave me a different outlook on what inmates? do and think while in prison. They become a number not a person and do have needs that have to be address. Addressing these needs will help in running an institution smoothly and more safely. Finally Anonymous makes a powerful statement in the writing of this book on some policies that should be changed in prisons. I really enjoyed reading this book and having maybe a new outlook in dealing with inmates. References Carceral, K.C., (2004), Behind a Convict?s Eyes, Wadsworth, Thomson Learning Schmid, Thomas & Jones, Richard, (2001), Voices from the Field, Wadsworth, Thomson Learning

Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis and Alexander Solzhenitsyn’s One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Analysis

In situations of desperation, desolation or depression humans may become capable of acting inexplicably. When a person is faced with a grim situation he may try to deny the reality of the situation, and as such remain optimistic that all will be set right. The protagonists of Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis and Alexander Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich must cope with these elements of self-delusions, their bitter wisdom and the fragility of their own hope. People who believe they have nothing to look forward to, begin to change their perceptions of happiness to cope with their dismal situation. The human Gregor Samsa enjoyed happiness from making others happy, as seen through his intentions of sending his sister to the musical Conservatory or his ability to provide for his family. When he is no longer able to find happiness in human interaction, he begins to find happiness for himself in the simplest occurrences. Read also Analysis of Characters in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own† â€Å"He especially liked hanging from the ceiling it was completely different from lying on the floor; one could breathe more freely; a faint swinging sensation went through the body; and in the almost happy absent-mindedness which Gregor felt up there, it could happen to his own surprise that he let go and plopped onto the floor.† During the initial stages of his metamorphosis, Gregor is proud and happy about his ability to provide such a comfortable life for his family. After his transformation he is not able to make others happy consequently being forced to seek pleasure for himself in the smallest things, despite how simple they may seem. Ivan Denisovich, also referred to as Shukhov, finds himself in a similar situation. He is forced to abandon the common goals shared by other men and to adopt a mentality where survival provides him with satisfaction. Ivan is happy about his day because he avoids additional punishment, has more than usual to eat, works at building a wall which he takes pride in and acquires some new tools. His enjoyment of these simple accomplishments demonstrates the changes which have occurred within him. â€Å"Shukhov went to sleep, and he was very happy. He'd had a lot of luck today. They hadn't put him in the cooler. The gang hadn't been chased out to work in the Socialist Community Development. He'd finagled an extra bowl of mush at noon. The boss has gotten them good rates for their work. He'd felt good making that wall. They hadn't found that piece of steel in the frisk. Caesar had paid him off in the evening. He'd bought some tobacco. And he'd gotten over that sickness. Nothing had spoiled the day and it had been almost happy.† The happiness felt by Ivan results from incidents that others would take for granted. His additional labour in the prison is not for any reason other than for his survival and satisfaction. Rather than thinking of how he could be made happier by what he does not have, he appears happy with what he is given. The protagonists of both novels force themselves into believing they are happy, to be better able to cope with the grim reality of their circumstances. Although there is no rationale given for their respective situations, the protagonists both have the knowledge that their life has changed for the worse. When Gregor reflects upon the life he once gave to his family, he begins to feel guilty about Grete having to care for him. His life has been based upon his role as the provider, but fulfilling his duties after the transformation is no longer plausible. â€Å"Often during Gregor's short stays in the city the Conservatory would come up in his conversations with his sister, but always merely as a beautiful dream which was not supposed to come true, and his parents were not happy to hear even these innocent allusions; but Gregor had very concrete ideas on the subject and he intended solemnly to announce his plan on Christmas Eve. Thoughts like these, completely useless in his present state, went through his head as he stood glued to the door.† His motivation has been fulfilling the financial and emotional needs of his family put forth on him, but he is no longer needed by his family. The Samsa family is now capable of surviving without his contributions, and seemingly are better people as they become independent. As the bug he is a burden to his family because his purpose in life has been made impossible to fulfill. Unlike Gregor, Ivan believes that he has a purpose (to work with his hands) but he is unable to because of an unfair conviction. â€Å"Easy money doesn't weigh anything and it doesn't give you that good feeling you get when you really earn it. The old saying was true-what you don't pay for honestly, you don't get good value for. Shukhov's hands were still good for something. Back home he'd surely find himself work making stoves, or something in the carpentry line, or mending pots and pans. The only catch was- if you'd been convicted with loss of civil rights, you couldn't get work anywhere and you weren't allowed back home.† Ivan is proud of the work he does with his hands but he is not permitted to choose his living because of the sentence. He is not able to return home and has lost his civil rights. His future will never exceed his past life. For Ivan true freedom means home but he will never have that freedom again. The male prisoners create a society in which they have the security of knowing what they will be doing and eating from one day to the next yet remain powerless over their futures. The changes caused by the peculiar situations give both protagonists a more pessimistic view of their lives. The promise of hope causes people to be optimistic even in the grimmest of situations, but a lack of it may be detrimental. In the case of Gregor the fragility of his hope is a disadvantage. He retains a human sense of frustration, memory and optimism despite his increasing animal instincts. During the incident when Grete attempts to remove his furniture he at first seems passive to the notion but once his mother voices doubts, saying the removal of the furniture would be symbolic of the family giving up hope of his return, he too becomes more hopeful, even wanting to give up crawling to retain his humanity. â€Å"Nothing should be removed; everything had to stay; he could not do without the beneficial influence of the furniture on his state of mind; and if the furniture prevented him from carrying on this senseless crawling around, then that was no loss but rather a great advantage.† The hope of others around him greatly influences his own, as instanced when he opens his door to measure the reaction of his family to his initial transformation. Later Grete declares the bug would have already left if it really were Gregor. She is essentially giving up the hope that the bug is her brother; expectedly Gregor dies that night. The will to live for Ivan, however, is strong enough to overpower his hopelessness and the endless difficulties of a life he cannot control. He has enough hope of getting out of prison to maintain his own sanity, but not so much that he becomes dejected about his situation. â€Å"Shukhov sort of liked the way they pointed at him- the lucky guy nearly through with his sentence. But he didn't really believe it. Take the fellows who should've been let out in the war. They were all kept in till forty-six- â€Å"till further notice.† And then those with three years who'd gotten five more slapped on. They twisted the law any way they wanted. You finished a ten-year stretch and they gave you another one. Or if not, they still wouldn't let you go home. But sometimes you got a kind of funny feeling inside. Maybe your number really would come up one day. God, just to think you might walk out and go home!† Ivan realizes that he will never have freedom yet wants nothing more than being released from prison. Restraining his hopes with a touch of reality enables him to find a balance between escape and contentment during his sentence. It is difficult to be truly happy when keeping the dismal reality in mind. The protagonists find their lives are worse because they know it is not possible to find the happiness they once had. Despite this knowledge, they maintain the hope of returning to normal for as long as they can. This hope serves to protect the potentially false happiness they experience. Both characters are described as being almost happy because, despite their self-delusions, they can only obtain true happiness if their lives were to return to the way they once were; but that is unfeasible.

Reagan on Reagan Book Review

In his reign as the fortieth United states President, Ronald Reagan Kept dairies for each day. The dairies contained his thoughts and routine day to day activities of his presidency. This collection is called Reagan’s Dairies. He was a Republican and was the President of the U.S from Jan 1981 to January 1989. The Book Reagan on Reagan contains major issues concerning the tenure of Reagan. The book superficially doesn’t talk much on political and historical dimensions of the President. From the dairies the strengths and weaknesses of his presidency can be seen.   For instance, in his first term, Reagan is said to have been more alert and active chief executive than his detractors care to admit. This strength remains as his description irrespective of the problem that he was tackling. In his first 17 months of his tenure, Ronald Reagan had faced many challenges and problems from Alexander Haig who was his initial secretary of the State. Haig thought of himself as a de facto policy maker. This could not work with Ragan and as such he Ronald Reagan accepted Haig’s resignation letter. This was after Haig acknowledged that there was some disagreements existed between them. The Dairies also reveal the former governor of California brand of the republican politics. He at times negatively referred to some of the moderates of Republican Party. These included Senator Bob Packwood, Charles Mathias among others.   Nevertheless, he was also critical on the New right and the and supply side stelwarts such as Howard Phillips, Senators Jesse, Bill Armstrong, among others. Reagan’s desire was to cut taxes and also spending however, during his administration spending grew. He supported the idea that Jack Kemp and Newt Gingrich giving to him an explanation as to why they felt their economic proposal were simple. Reagan was a good advocate for free markets and on taking over the office, it was his firm belief that the economy of America was negatively affected by the many economic controls and also misguided welfare programmes which were enacted in the year 1960s and 1970s. He took office during stagflation in the U.S. economy. He thus issued price controls on domestic oil. In his early days in office, Reagan was concerned about the military spending and some tax cuts. This led to the coming up of the economic policies such as the one called Reaganomics which achieved a cut in the income tax by 25%.However despite his reduction to spending policy, the federal spending grew in his tenure. Ronald Reagan supported George Bush as his heir politically. Reagan did not value the liberty of the press. He was angered by the coverage of his Visits to German Second World War cemetry, and in the Iran – Contra scandal. Reagan’s second term was not so much involved in matters of foreign affairs, he made contribution towards legislating some statutes on domestic matters. In the year 1982, he assented to the Bill of Voting rights act of 1965 for other 25years. Despite the fact that he had opposed the same bill in the 1980. This extension was to add protections to the disabled, blind and even the illiterate voters. Other pieces of legislations included: civil liberties act of 1988. This was to compensate the victims of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki cities of Japan. The overhaul of internal revenue code in 1986. Reagan also assented to bills permitting the death penalty for offences of Murder. Reagan’s view on the rights of the gays is controversial. In the 1970s he supported the rights of the gays. Reagan paid a great deal of attention to family and religion. Brinkley in introducing the book underscores the essence of family to Reagan .The Marriage between Ronal Reagan and Nancy complicated the relations with children. This was especially so with Ron and Patti. Reagan‘s move to fire the nations traffic controllers who participated in the go slow was controversial. His increase of the solvency of the social security fund by cutting the survivor and disability benefits and also raising the payroll withholding tax. He was a fast to act on crime and drug peddlers however, many criticized him on his response to the AIDS scourge. On foreign affairs matters, Reagan at first rejected dà ©tente and acted by confronting the Soviet Union via a policy of peace through strength which included increased military spending. This was aimed at supporting the anti-communist revolutionary movements in Angola, Nicaragua, Afghanistan and Cambodia. He later on went for negotiation and they both contributed to the end of the cold war. In his era Reagan took a military action against Lebanon, Libya and Grenada. However by the end of his term he still had a high rating public approval of 63%. President Reagan liked watching Hollywood movies and also listening to music. He also took riding at Camp David as a hobby others included: horse riding, chopping of wood ion the forest. This is the social part of the presidents’ life. These included his hobbies. Reagan’s dairies confirm that, Reagan had embedded custom of substituting public relations for serious policies. For instance, rather than fighting infections and ill health with a program that will fully cover the big gaps in the state health insurance coverage. He decided to only visit those suffering form lethal diseases and only empathizing with them. He likewise thought that, he could surpass his fame as President who doesn’t meddle in the affairs of civil rights by meeting black clergy me. In 1986 the Presidency of Reagan suffered a major scandal: Iran-contra scandals from which he many perceived him to be growing too old. Due to his sense and media skills, Reagan may be considered as the most successful of the United States Presidents since the years 1968 to 2008. However the readers of these Dairies may become aware of an existing gap. This President Reagan does not speak on the problems and even the challenges of the coming millennium. Works Cited New York Times. New York Times. 17 june 2007. 27 October 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/17/books/review/Phillips-t.html?pagewanted=2_r=1.